Search found 2672 matches

by Eric
Mon Sep 11, 2023 10:54 pm
Forum: Brewing Liquor
Topic: High Alkalinity Water, High Sodium, Only Moderate Water Hardness
Replies: 25
Views: 3558

Re: High Alkalinity Water, High Sodium, Only Moderate Water Hardness

PeeBee wrote:
Mon Sep 11, 2023 8:38 pm
Crikey! I think I've described something for you very wrong? "Insolubility of sodium salts" ... I need to check how I've passed on that idea. Give us a moment (night) I'll straighten that possible miscommunication out.
Sorry, it should have been sodium carbonates, or base.
by Eric
Mon Sep 11, 2023 7:07 pm
Forum: Brewing Liquor
Topic: High Alkalinity Water, High Sodium, Only Moderate Water Hardness
Replies: 25
Views: 3558

Re: High Alkalinity Water, High Sodium, Only Moderate Water Hardness

Hi PeeBee, I think we've reached the point where we differ in opinions. I don't think you will find any peer reviewed paper on the insolubility of sodium salts, I think anyone capable of doing such a review wouldn't waste their time. My quick search revealed only that sodium bicarbonate was more sol...
by Eric
Sun Sep 10, 2023 11:35 pm
Forum: Brewing Liquor
Topic: High Alkalinity Water, High Sodium, Only Moderate Water Hardness
Replies: 25
Views: 3558

Re: High Alkalinity Water, High Sodium, Only Moderate Water Hardness

But ... the impact of sodium ions on carbonate exiting the water (as insoluble calcium carbonate) is what I'm hoping to understand from this thread. :thumbsup: That shouldn't cause problems, acid can be used to bring alkalinity down to the desired level for the type of beer being brewed. What canno...
by Eric
Sun Sep 10, 2023 5:35 pm
Forum: Brewing Liquor
Topic: High Alkalinity Water, High Sodium, Only Moderate Water Hardness
Replies: 25
Views: 3558

Re: High Alkalinity Water, High Sodium, Only Moderate Water Hardness

Why would Mr Brungard's program determine that all hardness in that water is temporary? It is likely that temporary hardness will be somewhere near half of the total hardness. The given analysis can't be exact and the figure for alkalinity is a primary suspect. However, sodium sulphate is only rarel...
by Eric
Sat Sep 09, 2023 2:05 pm
Forum: Brewing Liquor
Topic: High Alkalinity Water, High Sodium, Only Moderate Water Hardness
Replies: 25
Views: 3558

Re: High Alkalinity Water, High Sodium, Only Moderate Water Hardness

I've added milliequivalents to your given ppm values. Calcium: 30.33ppm (1.51mEq) Magnesium: 6.27ppm (0.52mEq) Sodium: 50.35ppm (2.19mEq) Chloride: 50.19ppm (1.42mEq) Sulphate: 38.06ppm (0.79mEq) ... Alkalinity: 154.67 ppm as HCO 3 (2.53mEq) What a lot of Sodium! Still, I don't think it's unusual do...
by Eric
Fri Sep 08, 2023 11:37 pm
Forum: Brewing Liquor
Topic: High Alkalinity Water, High Sodium, Only Moderate Water Hardness
Replies: 25
Views: 3558

Re: High Alkalinity Water, High Sodium, Only Moderate Water Hardness

Temporary Hardness plus Permanent Hardness equals Total Hardness? Yes. Alkalinity plus Permanent Hardness equals Total Hardness? Not when the carbonate or bicarbonate is bonded with sodium. The are few places in Britain where such alkalinity exists naturally. Ion exchange water softeners replace cal...
by Eric
Sat Sep 02, 2023 10:13 pm
Forum: Brewing Liquor
Topic: British Waters, Hardness, Alkalinity, TDS and Treatment.
Replies: 24
Views: 34426

Re: British Waters, Hardness, Alkalinity, TDS and Treatment.

Thus far the emphasis has been on hardness and alkalinity, but without a grasp of what those might be, water treatment can turn into a jungle, a tangle of seemingly unconnected strands that make little sense, not helped by foreign opinions of how British brewers made their beers. Home brewers with h...
by Eric
Thu Aug 24, 2023 4:55 pm
Forum: Grain Brewing
Topic: Making up short brew length
Replies: 5
Views: 1537

Re: Making up short brew length

To answer your initial question, yes, you can. My last runnings are frequently less than 1005, but little value is obtained at such low levels. As said, the reason for stopping at a particular gravity is to limit pH increasing above the level when unwanted products are released. My target is to be <...
by Eric
Sat Aug 19, 2023 11:22 pm
Forum: Brewing Liquor
Topic: British Waters, Hardness, Alkalinity, TDS and Treatment.
Replies: 24
Views: 34426

Re: British Waters, Hardness, Alkalinity, TDS and Treatment.

It has to be said that not all soft water will have low alkalinity. There are some waters in UK, and more in US, where the calcium and magnesium levels are low, but have sodium present in alkaline (carbonate) form. Fortunately such water isn't commonly found in UK. Soft water is something I've littl...
by Eric
Fri Aug 18, 2023 11:46 am
Forum: Beer Recipes
Topic: Green hop recipe?
Replies: 3
Views: 1327

Re: Green hop recipe?

Oddly enough (now that's a scary start) I came across a "green hop beer" story recently: Green Hop Beer Flippin' heck ... it's that Brian Yorston chappie again! [Eric, where are you ... ] Up to the eyes with second derivatives of third order polynomials for alkalinity of soft water for comparison w...
by Eric
Wed Aug 09, 2023 2:57 pm
Forum: Brewing Liquor
Topic: British Waters, Hardness, Alkalinity, TDS and Treatment.
Replies: 24
Views: 34426

Re: British Waters, Hardness, Alkalinity, TDS and Treatment.

EquivPoint.jpg The above was snipped from a page from https://chem.libretexts.org/ to describe better than I can, the equivalence point on the titration curve. That is the point wanted, and at what pH that titration suggest it was. When alkalinity in supply water is titrated using acid, in this cas...
by Eric
Sat Aug 05, 2023 10:03 pm
Forum: Brewing Liquor
Topic: British Waters, Hardness, Alkalinity, TDS and Treatment.
Replies: 24
Views: 34426

Re: British Waters, Hardness, Alkalinity, TDS and Treatment.

A sample of my water was tested using a Salifert KH kit producing a figure of 240 mg/l as CaCO3. 750 ml was then titrated using CRS, and the findings entered into Excel and using the Chart Wizard, displayed a trendline. It was thought that 1ml of CRS would eliminate all alkalinity, but it didn't qui...
by Eric
Sat Aug 05, 2023 3:50 pm
Forum: Brewing Liquor
Topic: British Waters, Hardness, Alkalinity, TDS and Treatment.
Replies: 24
Views: 34426

Re: British Waters, Hardness, Alkalinity, TDS and Treatment.

My supply water is hard, it comes from a well in magnesian limestone, bored in 1841, after the cholera outbreak in Sunderland a few years earlier. The town was a major shipbuilder and thriving port with insufficient clean water for its population. Fortunately, a solution lay less than 200 feet down,...
by Eric
Fri Aug 04, 2023 8:14 pm
Forum: Grain Brewing
Topic: Belgium Stout?
Replies: 12
Views: 2739

Re: Belgium Stout?

No, the story doesn't fit well with the real history, I think at some point the facts must have been bent slightly to fit. Didn't Guinness or some other brewery quite recently produce an Antwerp Stout to commemorate the occasion? I seem to recall something, but it might be my own confusion about the...
by Eric
Fri Aug 04, 2023 3:46 pm
Forum: Brewing Liquor
Topic: British Waters, Hardness, Alkalinity, TDS and Treatment.
Replies: 24
Views: 34426

British Waters, Hardness, Alkalinity, TDS and Treatment.

Britain is comparatively small compared with the nation from where most current brewing software emanates. We have common latitudes only with its most northerly State, Alaska. For centuries weather systems have passed over Great Britain in just a few hours. Areas that were once dessert have become l...